The tracker presents data collected from public sources by a team of over one hundred Oxford University students and staff from every part of the world. The data presented here is taken directly from the OxCGRT project; Our World in Data do not track policy responses ourselves, and do not make additions to the tracker dataset.
OxCGRT is an ongoing collation project of live data. If you see any inaccuracies in the underlying data, or for specific feedback on the analysis or another aspect of the project please contact OxCGRT team. This survey covers public behaviors and attitudes ranging from mask-wearing to self-isolation, social distancing, symptoms and testing.
The following two charts show monthly data from this survey on the willingness of people to get vaccinated against COVID The first chart shows this data for a single country over time, while the second chart shows the same data for multiple countries at a single point in time.
We have previously looked into the history of vaccine development. The measles vaccine was found relatively rapidly: it took only 10 years from the discovery of the pathogen to the development of the first vaccine. The development of a vaccine against COVID has been much faster than the development of any other vaccine. Within less than a year several successful vaccines have already been announced and were approved for use in some countries.
This will be important because eventually a very large share of the world population needs to receive a COVID vaccine. Several institutions maintain websites on which they list COVID candidate vaccines that are currently being developed:. You can download the full dataset alongside the detailed sources on GitHub.
In some cases, the vaccination figures on this page can look different from the ones reported by a government. Most often it is not because of the numerator number of people vaccinated but instead because of the denominator number of people in the population. This usually happens for two main reasons:.
We use this data for its reliability, its consistent methods, and because it makes our work much easier. The exact values can be viewed in our GitHub repository.
The United Nations estimates may not always reflect the latest censuses or national figures—but there are several reasons why we use this data over country-by-country national population estimates. In a few cases, we use other sources when the figures provided by the UN differ substantially from reliable and more recent national estimates. The population estimates we use to calculate per-capita metrics are all based on the last revision of the United Nations World Population Prospects.
In our data, fully-vaccinated people are those who have received all doses prescribed by their vaccination regimen e. Some countries also allow for alternative definitions, such as having been infected with SARS-CoV-2 in the past and having received 1 dose of a two-dose regimen. We currently ignore these alternative definitions to preserve the common definition of fully vaccinated, i.
This allows for an optimal comparability between countries. The income groups we use come from the World Bank income classification. The exact list of countries can be viewed in our GitHub repository. Due to the limited space on our charts and the number of countries in the world, we unfortunately cannot show every country in the world by default. On each chart of this page, we therefore choose a default selection of countries based on a mix of criteria: mainly total population, but also number of vaccine doses administered and share of the population vaccinated.
These lists are updated about once a month. In the future, we plan to develop new features that would allow the list of countries to automatically adapt to the region of each visitor, and if they allow it, to use cookies to save their default list on their computer. Because some countries — notably China, as of August — do not report breakdowns between first and second doses administered, we cannot know the exact number of people with at least 1 dose and people fully vaccinated in the world.
Therefore, as long as some countries are only reporting partial data, these figures will underestimate the real number of people vaccinated and fully vaccinated globally. Based on the number of doses administered, it is however possible to calculate a lower and upper bound of how many people have been vaccinated in these countries.
For example, if million doses have been used in China, they must have been administered to at least million people with 2 doses each , and up to million people with only 1 dose each.
Other countries that are not shown in our data may have also started vaccination campaigns. We do not include participants in the vaccine arm of clinical trials, as this data is not available for many of the hundreds of trials currently taking place. The vaccination data is needed to understand how the pandemic is evolving. Global health institutions that report on the pandemic are reporting these metrics separately:. Reporting the data for Palestine and Israel separately also allows us to show their respective reported vaccination levels.
It makes clear what the respective vaccination levels are, as reported by the Government of Israel and the Palestinian Ministry of Health. Finally, our dataset on COVID vaccinations is sourced from official data published by governments and ministries of health from countries around the world.
This is also the case for Israel and Palestine. We show figures for Palestine and Israel separately, as they are reported separately by the Government of Israel and the Palestinian Ministry of Health.
The Populations Division of the United Nations reports population figures for countries around the world, and we are relying on their latest data from their revision for countries around the world of.
They report a population of 8,, people for Israel and a population of 5,, people for Palestine. Data sources: at the end of this page you find a detailed list of all our country-specific sources.
Open access: as with all of our data, we are making this dataset openly available, so that everyone can check and use the data that we bring together. You find the vaccination data in our daily-updated repository on GitHub. Cite our vaccination data Mathieu, E. Nat Hum Behav None selected. Click to open interactive version.
US state-by-state data: Daily vaccine doses administered per people. How many vaccinations are administered each day not population-adjusted?
US state-by-state data: Daily vaccine doses administered. US state-by-state data: Administered vaccines per people. US state-by-state data: Total administered vaccines. US state-by-state data: Share that have received at least one dose of the vaccine. US state-by-state data: Number that have received at least one dose of the vaccine. How many vaccine booster doses have been administered? Vaccinations by age. Share that have received at least one dose by age.
Fully vaccinated by age. Partly vaccinated by age. Which vaccines have been administered in each country? How many doses have been donated by each country? The three following charts show the number of doses donated, adjusted for: The population of the donating country; The GDP of the donating country; The number of doses administered by the donating country to its own population.
Vaccination policies. These charts are regularly updated based on the latest version of the response tracker.
Vaccine development: vaccines approved for use and in clinical trials. Source information country by country. Frequently-asked questions.
Why do the figures displayed on this page look different from the ones published by my government? This usually happens for two main reasons: The official data reports the vaccination coverage in terms of the share of people vaccinated in the population eligible for vaccination very often, among adults only.
Our priority is to make our data comparable between countries — regardless of criteria for eligibility, which tend to vary across countries and across time. For this reason, we always use the total population of the country i. The official data uses a different population estimate. We use this data for its reliability, its consistent methods, and because it makes our work much easier see below for more information.
What population data are the per-capita metrics based on? The main reason is that it uses a reliable and standardized methodology for all countries.
For example, if we used individual country data, some may include overseas workers, expats, undocumented immigrants, etc. Using data from the UN allows us to get accurate population estimates for all territories in the world very easily. Finding and maintaining estimates based on national censuses would be very time-consuming for our small team, without bringing much additional value to our work.
Other reasons include the availability of yearly data national censuses are only conducted every few years , and avoiding double-counting in cases of border disputes. What is the definition of a fully-vaccinated person? What classification are the income groups based on? How do you choose which countries are shown? How can we best estimate how many people have been vaccinated globally? My country has started vaccinating its population. Why is it missing from the charts?
Are participants in vaccine clinical trials included in your data? How do you report vaccinations performed in Israel and Palestine? Global health institutions that report on the pandemic are reporting these metrics separately: The World Health Organization reports the measures for Israel separately from Palestine in its data. It is in covering these global angles that First Shots comes up short. That the rights to the book were sold to television channel HBO in July might have coloured the way the story is told.
The characterization of University of Oxford vaccinologist Sarah Gilbert is a case in point. Gilbert co-created the adenovirus-based vaccine that the university developed with AstraZeneca, based in Cambridge, UK, and that is now for sale at low cost around the world.
Skirting her leadership role, Borrell alights on the detail that the reserved scientist made an appearance in Vogue magazine wearing an Armani blouse and Manolo Blahnik boots.
Over time, she has come to accept that she is a role model, co-authoring her own book see Nature , 29—30; A fuller appraisal of how the world managed to create the 20 or so vaccines that have received limited or full approval so far was always going to be a tall order. In A Shot to Save the World , Gregory Zuckerman, a business reporter for the newspaper The Wall Street Journal , looks at more of the key vaccines, and takes a broader historical perspective, giving an assured account of the research, the ideas and the personalities.
Like many great scientific tales, the story features serendipity, failures, tenacity, frustration and temper tantrums. It meanders through the decades-deep origins of the idea of making better recombinant proteins in insect cells. The book also relates the growing pains of the adenoviral approach: in , an HIV vaccine using this technology was found to make participants more likely to be infected, not less. Driving this narrative is a strong cast. For anyone who works at the bench, it will come as little surprise that some of these brilliant minds are obsessive, rude or quirky.
That is not to excuse bad behaviour. But this is the context in which to view characters who have been thrown into the spotlight. We should not expect them to be heroes from central casting.
Zuckerman dives deeply into a key historical moment. He gives a superb account of the misery of Pfizer executives on the morning of 8 November , a Sunday, as they wait for hours for the results of their phase III clinical trial, the first from any of the vaccine candidates.
That emotion rolled out over the world the following morning, when the news was released. At The Economist , my editor picked up the message during our main Monday editorial meeting on Zoom.
Today, as we battle the woes of resistance and distribution, it remains a special moment of hope and of promise. Neither book tackles the non-Western vaccines; their stories are not easy to tell. But they should be told. In August last year, the Russian vaccine Sputnik V was authorized for use. Shortly after that came the Chinese vaccines CoronaVac and Sinopharm. These approvals came before the completion of large-scale trials and were seen as ethically dubious and foolhardy. Yet Chinese vaccines came to the rescue of middle- and low-income countries.
China exported early on, and in large quantities. So far, it has sent about 1. By contrast, the US has had a more ambivalent international role. Only in the past few months has it started to donate vaccines; by 21 October, it had given million doses. Perhaps it is understandable that the messy geopolitics and nationalism that has bedevilled the equitable distribution of vaccines around the planet are not part of either book.
That, as they say, is another story — one that is still tragically unfolding. News 11 NOV Career Guide 10 NOV News 08 NOV Article 27 OCT
0コメント